Impact of globalization on education

Introduction:

Globalization – described as a structural phenomenon of increasing interdependence among various parts of the world, for which the effects of an action feel at a distance has produced a variety of economic, cultural, and social changes that have shaped the world over the past 50 years. Without doubt this process was favored by development and pervasiveness of digital technologies that make the communications faster and the information more easily sharable. Globalization has had a relevant impact also in the educational field: the convergence of models of educational organizations, the internationalization of key competencies definition and the diffusion of large-scale assessment of student’s performance (PISA-OECD), are only a few of more relevant aspects of this process. This paper aims to explore the main features of globalization in education with a particular focus on role played by the new information and communication technologies (ICT).

Globalization Benefits in the Field of Education:

• Overcoming Shortfalls Through Stiff Competition: The education scenario in our country needs to be revamped in many areas at a faster rate. This process could begin in an effective manner when there exists stiff competition from abroad. For example, the world’s renowned Universities/Institutes attract Indian students. Similarly, there exist prominent Indian Universities/Institutes attracting students from abroad thereby leading to educational export.
• Enable Choice-Based Selection: Students and Faculties can now be a part of the global education system of their choice without even relocating the country. Thus, enabling them to utilize the best of available opportunities of the world at ease.
• High Cultural Impact: Talking about India, where a huge Influence of foreign culture exists. Such cultural exchange adds different flavors to the local culture and enriches it.

To Sum It Up:

Globalization in the field of education has resulted in the privatization of institutes, Foreign direct investment, Cross border supply of educational services/resources by setting up institutes in other countries, Temporary Faculty and student exchange across the countries.

But there do exist the other side of globalization such as it will not create a level playing field for all countries and countries having technological superiority may dominate other countries. Also, there are high chances of education getting commercialized with local needs getting undermined.

The education sector is experiencing constant changes under the effects of globalization. Rapid developments in the student information systems and communications are seen in higher education and K-12 campuses. Due to changes in school systems across the world; the ideas, values, and knowledge are changing the roles of students and teachers. It is producing a shift in the education ecosystem from an industrialized to an information-based society.

At last, the biggest advantage of globalization is that it will create an environment of healthy competition with foreign educational institutes resulting in the exponential growth of students and teachers across the globe.

Technological and Cultural impact of globalization in India

With the process of globalization, there is an access to television grew from 20% of the urban population (1991) to 90% of the urban population (2009). Even in the rural areas satellite television has a grown up market. In the cities, Internet facility is everywhere and extension of internet facilities even to rural areas. There is an increase of global food chain /restaurants in the urban areas of India. Excessive Multiplex movie halls, big shopping malls and high rise residential are seen in every cities. Entertainment sector in India has a global market. After economic liberalization, Bollywood expanded its area and showed a major presence in the global scale. The industry began to explore new ways to become more global and modern. In India, modernity is observed with the West. Therefore, Western philosophy began to be incorporated into Bollywood films. As these new cultural messages began to reach the Indian population, Indian moviegoers were pushed to re-evaluate their traditional Indian cultural ideology. Bollywood movies are also distributed and accepted at international level. Big international companies (Walt Disney, 20th Century Fox, and Columbia Pictures) are investing on this sector. Famous International brands such as Armani, Gucci, Nike, and Omega are also making investment in the Indian market with the changing of fashion statement of Indians.

Impact of globalization on education in India

There is immense effects observed in educational sector due to globalization such as literacy rate become high and Foreign Universities are collaborating with different Indian Universities. The Indian educational system faces challenges of globalization through Information technology and it offers opportunities to evolve new paradigms shifts in developmental education. The distinction between formal, non-formal and informal education will vanish when move from industrial society to information society takes place. Globalization promotes new tools and techniques such as E-learning, Flexible learning, Distance Education Programs and Overseas training.

It is observed in current Indian society that through globalization, women have gained certain opportunities for job options and to recognize women’s rights as a part of the human rights. Their empowerment has given considerable opportunities and possibilities of improving employment conditions through global solidarity and co-ordination. It is found that the growth of computer and other technologies enabled women with better waged, flex timings, and capacity to negotiate their role and status in home and at corporate level.

There are some negative impact of globalization such as this process made disparity between rural and urban Indian joblessness, growth of slum capitals and threat of terrorist activities. Globalization increased competition in the Indian market between the foreign companies and domestic companies. With the foreign goods being better than the Indian goods, the consumer preferred to buy the foreign goods. This reduced the amount of profit of the Indian Industry companies. This happened mainly in the pharmaceutical, manufacturing, chemical, and steel industries. The negative Effects of Globalization on Indian Industry are that with the coming of technology the number of labour required are decreased and this resulted increasing unemployment especially in the arena of the pharmaceutical, chemical, manufacturing, and cement industries. Some section of people in India that are poor do not get benefit of globalization. There is an increased gap between rich and poor that lead to some criminal activities. Ethical responsibility of business has been reduced. Another major negative effect of globalization in India is that youngsters of India leaving their studies very early and joining Call centres to earn fast money reducing their social life after getting habituated with monotonous work. There is an increase of every daily usable commodities. This has an adverse effect on cultural aspect. The institution of marriage is breaking down at fast rate. There are more people approaching divorce courts instead of maintaining marital life. Globalization has considerable impact on the religious situation of India. Globalization has brought about raising a population who is agnostic and atheist. People visiting places of worship are reducing with time. Globalization has reduced nationalism and patriotism in country.

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